Radiography is traditionally regarded as an important part of the subjective routine foot examination in equine lameness. Laminitis is a major disease in horses due to the associated pain and debilitating nature that make it a life-threatening condition. This study was therefore conducted to estimate radiological factors which refer to anterior motor limb. Measurements were taken from 10 healthy Dareh-shori horses. After cleaning and washing the horses’ hooves, metal marker placement, the hooves were marked by the contrast, then hand-made block placed under the following limb, both front feet were radiographed with the limb in vertical position. The obtained measurements and values in this study were as: Founder Distance=5.7±2.01mm; Hoof wall thickness = 16.9±1.06mm, PCL = 59.9±5.8mm; HWT⁄PCL% = 28.4±3.6mm. Values for angles: Hoof axis = 49.9±2.8; P3 axis = 48.7±2.8; H angle = ̵ 1.58±2.29; P2 axis = 46.3±3.3; R angle = 1.7±3.6. Measurements of this study may be different from those reported in other breeds, so it can be used as reference values for diagnosis of laminitis and founder in front feet of Dareh-shori horses.

Disorders in Lipid production are one of the most common problems associated with diabetes seen in approximately 40% of patients. In this study, the effects of alcoholic extract of Alhagi maurorum on the serum levels of lipids in Streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats are investigated. For the purpose of this experimental research, 42 male Wistar rats were divided in 6 Groups of seven: the control, diabetic sham and 4 experimental groups. Diabetic sham received 70 mg/kg Streptozotocin once at the beginning of the experiment; the experimental groups 1 and 2 daily received 250 and 500 mg/kg Alhagi maurorum alcoholic extract respectively; the experimental groups 3 and 4 first received Streptozotocin once, and then a daily dose of 250 and 500 mg/kg extract. Oral administration of alcoholic extract continued over a period of two months. 48 hours after the last administration, blood samples were prepared and used for measurement of serum levels of triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), LDL cholesterol and HDL cholesterol. Serum levels of triglyceride and LDL Cholesterol in the diabetic sham compared to the control group showed a significant increase (p<0.05). On the other hand, serum levels of triglyceride and LDL cholesterol in the experimental group 2 (500 mg/kg extract) compared to the control group demonstrated a significant decrease (p<0.05). Also, serum total cholesterol concentration in the experimental group 1 (250 mg/kg extract) compared to the control group indicated a significant reduction, while HDL cholesterol increased significantly in this group (p<0.05). A significant decrease was observed in the serum levels of triglyceride and LDL cholesterol in the experimental group 4 in comparison with diabetic sham, whereas concentration of HDL cholesterol in experimental Group 3 increased significantly (p<0.05).Due to itsantioxidant properties, alcoholic extract of Alhagi maurorum can reduce Streptozotocin toxicity leading to an improvement in Serum lipid profiles of diabetic patients.

Navicular abnormalities has long been considered one of the most common causes of fore limb lameness. Radiographic evaluation is one of the most valuable, economic, and initial diagnostic tools used in the evaluation of equine lameness. This is dictated by the knowledge of the veterinarian and quality of radiographic equipment. This study was conducted to estimate radiological factors refers to hind feet. According to this purpose six clinically normal Dareh-shori horses were used in this study. After cleaning and washing the horses hooves, hand-made block placed under the following limb, both hind feet were radiographed with the limb in vertical position. The obtained measurements and values in this study were as: Proximal-distal border length of the navicular bone (lateral) = 14.33±0.85 mm; Lateral-Medial Border length of the navicular bone = 43.19±4.36 mm; Proximal-distal border length of the navicular bone( Dorso palmar) = 25.75±3.78 mm. Measurements of this study may be different from those reported in other breeds, so it can be used as reference values for diagnosis of navicular abnormalities in hind feet of Dareh-shori horses.

The prostate gland is located ventral to the colon and caudal to the neck of the urinary bladder, in an abdominal or pelvic position. Diagnostic ultrasound can be used as a precise, non-invasive and reliable method for assessing prostate in dogs. In this research, 10 adult male Iranian mix breed dogs with an age average of 7.45±1.83 years and an average weight of 21.35±5.57 kg with clinical symptoms of prostatitis were selected. Sagittal and transverse ultrasound images was performed by using a 5 MHZ convex transducer. In the obtained images desired parameters such as length, width and height of the prostate gland were measured. Measurements of this study may be different from those reported in other breeds, so it can be used as reference values for diagnosis of prostate diseases in Iranian mix breed dogs.

Background and aim: The tendons and ligaments in palmar/plantar aspect of fetlock joints of the horse are important in weight bearing and stay apparatus. These structures are always subject to damage caused by diseases and injuries. Ultrasound is one of the most useful methods for diagnosing soft tissue injuries including tendons and ligaments in horses. The aim of this study was to measure and to compares the thickness of fetlock joint tendons and ligaments in both front and hind limbs of sound Dareh-Shori horses.
Materials and Methods: This study consisted of 10 healthy Dareh-Shori horses that mean age and height of them were 11.2±3.5 years and 151.6±10.2 cm, respectively. After clipping and washing, the area between 4cm above the proximal sesamoid bones and distal to the level of the proximal sesamoid bones was divided into 1 level in sagittal and 3 levels in transverse view. An ultrasonography was performed with a linear transducer 12 MHZ Frequency on both front and hind limbs in full weight bearing. The thickness of tendons and ligaments such as superficial digital flexor tendon, deep digital flexor tendon and suspensory ligament were measured both in sagittal and transverse views. Echogenicity and fibrillary pattern of tendons and ligaments were assessed in longitudinal images.
Results: The greatest measured thickness of the digital flexor tendons and suspensory ligament was related to the deep digital flexor tendon while the Minimum thickness was related to the suspensory ligament in the left front joints. The results obtained from the present study did not show any significant changes between the right and left side of front and hind limbs of sound Dareh-Shori horses.
Conclusion: This study provides a thorough, in-depth knowledge on the normal ultrasound measurements of the tendon and ligaments thickness in the fetlock joints. Therefore, these values can reliably be used for diagnosis of fetlock joint soft tissue injuries.